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Scientists of the University of Yale have put to point a thermometer that can measure ultracold temperatures with the maximum precision and without some necessity of calibration because it be a matter itself of a primary thermometer and therefore without need of some comparison with a reference apparatus. The device uses the shot-noise that they are of the fluctuations electrical workers whose mutation, to continuation of the modification of the tension given to the device, can generate a various type of noise, known with the denomination of noise of Johson. It is the temperature to determine the tension to which this mutation happens. 
The thermometer is mounted on a chip of silicon and is in a position to measuring temperatures around cent of degree over the zero absolute: from 0,01° ambient Kelvin until temperature. The precision is absolute: 0,1 for hundreds to 1°K, advanced par to five times of the normal instrumentations of measure in equipment, and approximately 0,02 for hundreds to 0,5°K.
The thermometer could half be an optimal one of study, taken care of and fast, for all those phenomena that are revealed to ultracold temperatures where the laws of the quantistica mechanics prevail on the matter. In fact, in conditions of extreme cold the metals become superconductive because forgiveness the resistance electrical worker, while the viscous liquids are transformed in superfluid. When the temperatures of extreme cold are lowered ulteriorly originate a phenomenon a lot interesting: the gas atoms can give origin condensing of Bose-Einstein, one be new of the matter.
Category: Electrical
Type: Glossaries and Dictionaries
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